Why Apocrypha was Apocrypha? II

The Wisdom of Ben Sira was written 180 to 175 and canonised in Catholic and Orthodox, but not in Protestant. Therefore we can read it in Septuagint, Vulgate. The reason this was taken out of canon in Protestant was probably judging from its contents. They are regarded as a copy of Proverbs.

Maccabees were written in 100 BC and those Hebrew texts were lost.

The rest of Daniel& Esther might be added later. Not found in Hebrew canon.

Book of Baruch is not found in Hebrew Bible but found both in Sepuagint and Vulgate.

Book of Tobit is not found in Hebrew Bible but found both in Septuagint and Vulgate. Therefore this book is canonised in Catholic and Orthodox Churches. This book was probably written in 2 century BC. But the contents were about 8 century BC.

Book of Judith is dominant in hstorical anachronism. This book is considered as a religious novel. Therefore excluded from Protestant canon.

Wisdom of Solomon was written in 2nd century BC. No Hebrew texts are found. Platonism & Stoicism can be read and we can find allusions to Gospel of Matthew. Found in Septuagint.

Prayer of Manasseh is apocryphal by all dnominations. Found in Septuagint.

Esdras was written 1st century BC to 1st century AD. Canonised only in Eastern Orthodox Church.

Typical characters Apocrypha have are Not found in Hebrew canon. Written between 2nd to 1st century BC. Found in Septuagint, Vulgate. Reformation was a restoration to Jewish tradition. There was a reason for it.

Why Apocrypha Was Apocrypha?

Why Apocrypha Was Apocrypha?
2007.06.22 2:02

Apocrypha refers to the collection of books written between the end of Old Testament around 500 BC and the beginning of the New Testament around 50 AD. Basically the Old Testament is a record between 1300 BC to 500 BC and the New Testament between 50 AD to 100 AD. Apocrypha covers those missing links between two testaments.
During that period, Jewish cultures were on the verge of extinction. Overall Hellenisation was on the process in those Levant area. Antiochus (175 -163)was probably sarcastically called Epiphanes but went too far to proceed this movement. But many important books were written, those include
1 Esdras (Vulgate 3 Esdras) 2 Esdras (Vulgate 4 Esdras) Tobit Judith Rest of Esther (Vulgate Esther 10:4-16:24) Wisdom Ecclesiasticus (also known as Sirach) Baruch and the Epistle of Jeremy (all part of Vulgate Baruch) Song of the Three Children (Vulgate Daniel 3:24-90) Story of Susanna (Vulgate Daniel 13) The Idol Bel and the Dragon (Vulgate Daniel 14) Prayer of Manasses 1 Maccabees 2 Maccabees
Those Apocrypha were included in Catholic Canon but excluded from Protestant Bible in the Reformation in 16c.
My assumption why Apocrypha was excluded is probably Protestant needed to establish authority against Roman Catholic and Greed Orthodox Churches. Jewish states were reigned by Ptolemaic (323 -198) and Selucid ( 198 to 166 ). Jewish state enjoyed its independence from 142 to 63 after the Maccabean revolt in 167 and following struggle that lasted till 142. Protestant didn't like to follow Roman and Greek authority in Church, so they went too far to hide those scriptures written during that period.
Apocrypha is just hidden, God reveals as Epiphanes.

Creation? or Evolution?

Creation? or Evolution?
2007.06.17 22:13

Missing link is a hypothesis there might have existed the pre humans that connect apes to modern humans. The reason of this claim is as follows. Although we can find many species closer to each other in the case of other animals, we can't find a closer species to modern humans. So assumption here is we must have had pre humans that were much closer to modern humans but we haven't found them -that is called ' missing link'. And the archaeological evidence that proves the existence of pre humans are not found yet. Missing link is used somehow to explain human's unique existence from other species. Missing link is supportive to creationist' s insistence.
Even if some result proves man's existence merely dated back to 6000 years ago, that doesn't tell anything whether humans existed before 6000 years ago.
Evolution was led from many scientific experiments and partly from archaeological evidence, but not entirely from artifacts. Lack of evidence in artifacts has nothing to do with the support of any theories.
So whatever the reason you believe a man was created by God around 6000 years ago.
But I believe 4.57 billion years ago the Earth was born and 3.7 billion years ago life on Earth started. 200,000 years ago current humans were born. 6000 years ago human civilisation started.
As to the reply to your question, yes, I think so. Our species were originated from a common human ancestor that appeared in some part of Africa 200,000 years ago. The number of our ancestors was considerably fewer than now.
And most important thing here.
Creation? or Evolution? That's an obsolte dichotomy. It is unknown whether life was born by itself or created by God. But life evolves. If you are a creationist, you can say ' humans are a form of life that were brought by God on the Earth some 3.7 billion years ago.' If you are an evolutionist, you can say ' humans are a form of life that were born on the Earth some 3.7 billion years ago. ' Life evolves, but nobody knows the origin of life was spontaneouly appeared or brought by some intelligent Being with intention.

Love

Love
#174341 ] 2007.06.15 23:04

Love is born from happening to have had a time to spend in only two and unfulfilled desire makes our love even more intense.

Marriage

Marriage
2007.06.14 1:40

"It doesn't much signify whom one marries for one is sure to find out next morning it was someone else." -- Rogers
Really? If I were you, I would say, ' It doesn't much signify whom one marries for one is sure to find out next morning it was certainly one's better half." -- Mercedo

Incest was not taboo

Incest was not taboo
2007.06.12 2:40

Incest was forbidden because it was the easiest way for mating. Probably before civilisation, many humans kept on practicing this for too many years. Incest became taboo mainly from economic reasons. Suppose if we got married to one of our parents, we can inherit their property. But remember we can automatically inherit their property because we are their child, so we don't have to get married to them in order only to inherit their property.
If we got married to a person from other family, we can inherit property that belongs to other family. From the same reason even if we got married to one of siblings, we find no economical merit on this since our siblings merely inherit a part of our parents' property. That's why we are always encouraged to get married to a person from other family that owns more property than us anyway.

Prostitution

Prostitution
2007.06.09 22:29

I thought about why prostitution is prohibited legally here. Because it is the easiest way to get money, everyone would be trying to do this job if it is permitted by law. That must be destroying the country's economy. Because so many people will be engaged in this job, few can work in more productive field.

Time, etc

Time & Space
2007.06.08 23:06

From human criteria, space is so wide and limitless, gigantic in comparison to humans. From similar reasons, microcosm is so small, both macro and microcosm are beyond our comprehension. Strangely the natural rules that are adaptive to human world, macrocosm, microcosm are all different.
You can only assume what the world is like from only human point of view. It is simply impossible to know simple fact, how the world actually is in the first place.
Though I highly value your endeavour, I'm afraid you can only approach, but you can't reach. It's only worthy for us to know it as long as it relates to human interest. How about time? Do you think there's absolute time? Time has only meanings when it regulates the relative relations to each other. Time is a notion we start noticing after we are born. Space is also the similar notion. There's no absolute time and space other than trying to measure in the eyes of humans.
I'm afraid your attitude is not even in common among natural scientists. Einstein won't think as you do. For example, how could you think that the same laws of physics apply at all scales? Newtonian mechanics only applies at our ordinary life, quantum theory and theory of relativism are needed in both microcosm and macrocosm to explain respectively. Natural science we seek for only solves questions in human sphere from micro to macro pivoted at our ordinary life. We might be able to pick a couple of shining sands at beach, yet haven't noticed the sea of truth lying before us.
Since I said that humans are the only being that can be aware of time in the first place, I say time has only meaning as long as it relates to humans. I mean for monkeys and birds or other living species, as long as they can't detect the sequence of time, time has no meaning, in other words, time doesn't exist. How can you detect time? It is impossible to detect time when we sleep. Unless we are aware, as it were time stops.
Do you still believe in time, are you going to say time can be measurable by watch? Are you going to say a watch or clock keeps on measuring time after all humans die away? No.

Adam
2007.06.08 22:59

The perception of time has been particular to humans since Adam found all humans are dead. Unfortunately despite your insist, time doesn't exist outside our perception.
My idea is completely in line with the plausible scientific facts from anthropological point of view. 4.57 billion years ago the Earth formed. Life on the Earth started existing 3.7 billion years ago. Current human species originated 200,000 years ago in Africa, then Adam was born at least more than 7000 years ago. In comparison with relatively long history of current human being, Adam ought to be regarded as the first modern human.
He was the first human who noticed 'humans are dead', 'human didn't wear anything'. Before the birth of Adam, no one noticed humans are mortal, and it was just natural for them not to wear anything. Humans before Adam never realised who they are. They weren't even ashamed of their nakedness.
Adam was the first person to try having food other than they already knew. It was adventurous at that time. Adam was also the first person who started getting out of their living sphere, that is Garden of Eden. First expenditure to seek for a better life started here. Adam was indeed one of the most remarkable figures in human history in many senses, who ought to be completely distinguished from humans before him.
We start counting years from the start of the first civilisation that occurred in East of Eden, somewhere in Mesopotamia. Then argument in Time and Space. Adam was the first human who noticed there might be Time. Time didn't exist before Adam noticed there might be. After he noticed them, he noticed there's only limited time he can live. From the similar reasons, space didn't exist until he noticed he only lives in a limited space.
Why do you believe in Time or Space? Time & Space are an illusion that the first humans started to have. They cannot be arguable from scientific viewpoint.

Professionalism

Professionalism
2007.06.05 2:50

I started writing poems at age 10. I wrote about 200 poems during junior high school days. I devoted myself to writing poems from 16 to 19. I lost everything in my life what usually minors can acquire but I got what usually minors can hardly acquire, that is fame and recognition.
It took nearly twenty years to be able to write something workable in English. I never compromise, never, never. I am proud to be a writer. I never lose to anyone when it comes to writing. Never, never.
I usually write 5 hours in a day at least, always at night from 10 to 4.

Silver Cremated Bone of Buddha

Silver Cremated Bone of Buddha
2007.06.05 0:30
Here in Japan we call white rice as above in Japanese Ginshari. White rice has been respected from ancient times even though it became the cause of beriberi for the lack of thiamine.